%PDF-1.7 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Outlines 2 0 R /Pages 3 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [6 0 R 18 0 R 22 0 R 24 0 R 36 0 R 44 0 R ] /Count 6 /Resources << /ProcSet 4 0 R /Font << /F1 8 0 R /F2 9 0 R /F3 10 0 R >> /XObject << /I1 11 0 R /I2 20 0 R /I3 21 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 14 0 R /GS2 15 0 R /GS3 16 0 R /GS4 17 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] >> endobj 4 0 obj [/PDF /Text /ImageC ] endobj 5 0 obj << /Producer ( d o m p d f 1 . 0 . 2 + C P D F) /CreationDate (D:20240328173308+00'00') /ModDate (D:20240328173308+00'00') >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 12 0 R ] /Contents 7 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Length 4689 >> stream q 150.000 0 0 150.000 35.000 614.390 cm /I1 Do Q 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg BT 35.000 586.932 Td /F1 21.0 Tf [(The World Economic Forum \(WEF\) and the measures \(NPIs\))] TJ ET BT 35.000 561.984 Td /F1 21.0 Tf [(During the Pandemic)] TJ ET BT 35.000 522.110 Td /F2 14.0 Tf [(Description)] TJ ET BT 35.000 472.687 Td /F2 18.0 Tf [(Our new study is published)] TJ ET BT 35.000 442.066 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(For some time now, I have been conducting expert interviews documenting how various experts from science, the)] TJ ET BT 35.000 427.810 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(media, politics and civil society assess the pandemic, what factors they see at work, what their views are. Every)] TJ ET BT 35.000 413.554 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(now and then the idea comes up, that the World Economic Forum \(WEF\), which Prof. Klaus Schwab set up many)] TJ ET BT 35.000 399.298 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(years ago, could play a role.)] TJ ET BT 35.000 373.042 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(I thought for a while about whether and how this theory could be tested. In the end, I came up with the idea that)] TJ ET BT 35.000 358.786 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(one could use the number of Young Global Leaders \(YGL\) that the WEF has trained over the years as a)] TJ ET BT 35.000 344.530 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(parameter and relate it to the intensity of non-pharmaceutical interventions \(NPI\), popularly and hereafter)] TJ ET BT 35.000 330.274 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(referred to as measures. This is what we, my colleague Johannes Klement and I, then did, at two points in time:)] TJ ET BT 35.000 316.018 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(at the beginning of the corona crisis, i.e. in March 2020, and at the second peak in the winter of 2020/2021. The)] TJ ET BT 35.000 301.762 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(study is now )] TJ ET 0.000 0.000 0.800 rg BT 98.672 301.762 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(published)] TJ ET 0.000 0.000 0.800 RG 0.6 w 0 J [ ] 0 d 98.672 299.182 m 145.340 299.182 l S 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg BT 145.340 301.762 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [( in the peer-reviewed online journal Cureus and can be freely downloaded [1]. \(Cureus)] TJ ET BT 35.000 287.506 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(is an interesting journal, by the way; our immunology survey was already published there [2]. It is a journal based)] TJ ET BT 35.000 273.250 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(in California and started by physicians who proceed without conflict of interest and very openly. It is peer-)] TJ ET BT 35.000 258.994 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(reviewed, usually with 3, at least 2 reviews.\))] TJ ET BT 35.000 232.738 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(The perhaps exonerating news is that the WEF, at least in the form of the Young Global Leaders, is not)] TJ ET BT 35.000 218.482 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(responsible for countries having introduced measures, nor for their strength. This is because the number of Young)] TJ ET BT 35.000 204.226 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(Global Leaders in a country is not associated with the strength and extent of NPIs )] TJ ET BT 429.944 204.226 Td /F3 12.0 Tf [(during the first wave)] TJ ET BT 529.616 204.226 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(. If the)] TJ ET BT 35.000 189.970 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(WEF had played an active role there, influencing policy through the network of YGLs, for example, we would)] TJ ET BT 35.000 175.714 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(have expected a positive correlation there. This correlation is not present.)] TJ ET BT 35.000 149.458 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(The potentially unsurprising news is that )] TJ ET BT 233.660 149.458 Td /F3 12.0 Tf [(during the second wave)] TJ ET BT 347.312 149.458 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [( in winter 2020/21, the number of YGLs in a)] TJ ET BT 35.000 135.202 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(country is robustly, highly-significantly and clearly associated with both the median severity of NPIs and the)] TJ ET BT 35.000 120.946 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(maximum expression of NPIs in a country, with rho = .36 \(median severity\) and rho= .33 \(maximum expression\).)] TJ ET BT 35.000 106.690 Td /F1 12.0 Tf [(We used the robust, non-parametric Spearman rank correlation as a measure of the association.)] TJ ET 0.502 0.502 0.502 rg 0.502 0.502 0.502 RG 35.000 781.760 m 585.280 781.760 l 585.280 783.260 l 35.000 783.260 l f 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg BT 416.240 816.290 Td /F2 10.0 Tf [(PROF. DR. DR. HARALD WALACH)] TJ ET BT 377.370 804.386 Td /F1 10.0 Tf [(https://harald-walach.de https://harald-walach.info)] TJ ET q 0.940 0.342 -0.342 0.940 181.247 -73.446 cm /GS1 gs /GS2 gs 0.6 w 0 J [ ] 0 d Q /GS3 gs /GS4 gs 0.502 0.502 0.502 rg 0.502 0.502 0.502 RG 35.000 52.000 m 585.280 52.000 l 585.280 50.500 l 35.000 50.500 l f 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg BT 44.000 31.996 Td /F1 10.0 Tf [(Page 1)] TJ ET q 44.000 17.740 532.280 11.880 re W n 0.000 0.000 0.000 rg BT 263.855 20.116 Td /F1 10.0 Tf [( Prof. Harald Walach)] TJ ET Q endstream endobj 8 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F2 /BaseFont /Times-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F3 /BaseFont /Times-Italic /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 1280 /Height 852 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 207666>> stream JFIF ,, File source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inauguration_of_World_Economic_Forum_Switzerland%27s_new_extension_and_celebration_of_the_WEF%27s_40th_anniversary_-_20100826-02.jpg@ICC_PROFILE 0ADBE mntrRGB XYZ acspAPPL none -ADBE cprt 2desc 0 kwtpt bkpt rTRC gTRC bTRC rXYZ gXYZ bXYZ text Copyright 1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated desc Adobe RGB (1998) XYZ Q XYZ curv 3 curv 3 curv 3 XYZ O XYZ 4 , XYZ &1 / C %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( T R !1A"Qaq2#BR$3brC%4ScsDd5tT 5 !1AQ"2aqB#R3CSb ? ڊ8Q@`SF( AThmT6DPLT* A(*PJ/4TAt bAXPMP P$U@TQEDUcڈ"`}PLPLPJ i*bbA[h!Z A1A1A1AXQSmbA %Eڂb/4U5QU@X(*mh XJқɦ `&4hcTohGQMghHlbi m*Ң Sڊ